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{{Trail}}{{Template:AUDisciplines}}
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The '''3D Art''' department takes two-dimensional [[AU:Concept Art|concept art]]—usually digital drawings—and uses them to create three-dimensional models to be placed in the game world. The 3d artist must also take into account any special requirements regarding pre-existing lore, and technical restrictions required by the [[AU:Animation|animation]] and [[AU:Implementation|implementation]] teams.
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A '''3D artist''' can create shapes based on [[AU:Concept Art|concept art]], writing and discussions as well as what is required by the [[Arcane University:Animation|animation]] and [[Arcane University:Implementation|implementation]] teams. For the Gamebryo Engine and the context of Skyrim, a 3D artist must take into account [[Arcane University:Mesh Polycount Comparisons|standard polycounts]] for their low poly 3D models.
  
 
== General Workflow ==
 
== General Workflow ==
With the [[AU:Concept Art|concept art]] imported into the modelling software, [[AU:Blockout|blockout]] modeling starts. For the '''high-polywork flow''', the 3D artist [[AU:Sculpting|sculpts]] a high-poly mesh. They then [[AU:Baking|bake]] the high-poly details into the normal map of a [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8kQiccJetw retopologized] [[AU:Mesh Polycount Comparisons|low-poly]] version of the mesh, and [[AU:Texturing|add textures]] to this low-poly model. After the asset is [[AU:Mesh Export to NIF|exported to NIF format]], it is given its physical properties such as [[AU:Mesh Collisions|collision and physics]]. It may then be rigged/skinned to bones and [[AU:Animation|animated]], if necessary.
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With the [[Arcane University:Concept Art|concept art]] imported into the modelling software, [[Arcane University:Blockout|blockout]] modeling starts. For the '''high-polywork flow''', the 3D artist [[Arcane University:Sculpting|sculpts]] a high-poly mesh. They then [[Arcane University:Baking|bake]] the high-poly details into the normal map of a [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8kQiccJetw retopologized] low-poly version of the mesh, and [[Arcane University:Texturing|add textures]] to this low-poly model. After the asset is [[Arcane University:Mesh Export to NIF|exported to NIF format]], it is given its physical properties such as [[Arcane University:Mesh Collisions|collision and physics]]. It may then be rigged/skinned to bones and [[Arcane University:Animation|animated]], if necessary.
  
 
#[[Arcane University:Blockout|Blockout]]
 
#[[Arcane University:Blockout|Blockout]]
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=== Weapons ===
 
=== Weapons ===
 
*[[AU:Nifskope Weapons Setup|Nifskope Weapons Setup]]
 
*[[AU:Nifskope Weapons Setup|Nifskope Weapons Setup]]
*[[:File:Tutorial_skyrim_bows_from_3ds.pdf|Rigging bows with 3ds Max and NifSkope (pdf)]] by Artisanix
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*[[File:Tutorial_skyrim_bows_from_3ds.pdf]] (Bows with 3ds and Nifskope)
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=== Tilesets and Architecture ===
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*[[File:Bernstein_Mike_ModularKits3d.pdf]]
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*[http://blog.joelburgess.com/2013/04/skyrims-modular-level-design-gdc-2013.html Skyrim’s Modular Approach to Level Design] by Joel Burgess
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBAM27YbKZg Fallout 4's Modular Level Design (lecture video)] by Joel Burgess
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sx9H2MW-sTs How to Create Tilesets (lecture video)] by Zix
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfPwxTmx73w Snapping Tutorial (video)] by Zix
 
=== Armor ===
 
=== Armor ===
=== Animated Objects ===
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=== Misc Items ===
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DrN_AS28qk Animating Crash Course - Basic Static Animations in Blender (video)] by Hayden Price
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=== Statics ===
*[[AU:Exporting animated statics using ck-cmd|Exporting animated statics using ck-cmd]]
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=== Trees ===
*[[AU:Nifskope Hinge Constraints|Hinge Constraints]]
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[[File:BSLeafAnim.png|thumb|left]]
=== Trees and Plants ===
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<br clear=all>
*[[AU:Flora Workflow|Flora Workflow]]
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=== Harvestables ===
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GE0Tm0RBRuc Creating and Texturing Grass (video)] by David Pynkoski (Beyond Skyrim)
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=== Tilesets and Architecture ===
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*[[:File:Bernstein_Mike_ModularKits3d.pdf|Modularity in Creating 3D Game Environments (pdf)]] by Mike Bernstein
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*[http://blog.joelburgess.com/2013/04/skyrims-modular-level-design-gdc-2013.html Skyrim’s Modular Approach to Level Design] by Joel Burgess (Bethesda)
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhW8CY8XkFg How We Used Iterative Level Design to Ship Skyrim and Fallout 3 (lecture video)] by Joel Burgess (Bethesda)
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBAM27YbKZg Fallout 4's Modular Level Design (lecture video)] by Joel Burgess (Bethesda)
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sx9H2MW-sTs How to Create Tilesets (lecture video)] by Zix (Skywind)
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfPwxTmx73w Snapping Tutorial (video)] by Zix (Skywind)
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=== LOD Objects ===
 
=== LOD Objects ===
*[[AU:LOD Model Creation|LOD Model Creation]]
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*[https://morroblivion.com/forums/3d-models-and-textures/guideline-for-lod-model-creation Guideline for LOD model creation] by Grumpycat
*[https://morroblivion.com/forums/3d-models-and-textures/guideline-for-lod-model-creation Guideline for LOD model creation (forum thread)] by Grumpycat (Skywind)
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==Basic Software==
 
==Basic Software==
As a 3D artist you have to use a variety of software and plugins to achieve the results you want. Below you'll find several alternatives within each category that are suitable for asset creation. You must have a 3D modeling, 3D baking and 3D texturing program in order to create your asset - this is your most basic programs in the unique 3D workflow.   
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As a 3D artist you have to use a variety of software and plugins to achieve the results you want. Below you'll find several alternatives within each category that are suitable for asset creation.   
  
 
===3D modelling and sculpting programs===
 
===3D modelling and sculpting programs===
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*[https://quixel.com/mixer Quixel Mixer] - free, texturing.  
 
*[https://quixel.com/mixer Quixel Mixer] - free, texturing.  
 
*[https://marmoset.co Marmoset Toolbag] [$] - baking, texturing.  
 
*[https://marmoset.co Marmoset Toolbag] [$] - baking, texturing.  
*[https://www.adobe.com/products/substance3d-painter.html Adobe Substance 3D Painter] [$*] - baking, texturing. Free with Student License.  
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*[https://www.substance3d.com/products/substance-painter/ Substance Painter] [$*] - baking, texturing. Free with Student License.  
**[https://www.nexusmods.com/skyrimspecialedition/mods/44400?tab=description Substance Painter Plugin] - free. if you're using Adobe Substance 3D Painter, you'll also want to use the PBR to Skyrim plugin.
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*[https://www.nexusmods.com/skyrimspecialedition/mods/44400?tab=description Substance Painter Plugin] - free. if you're using Substance Painter, you'll also want to use the PBR to Skyrim plugin.  
**[https://www.adobe.com/products/substance3d-designer.html/ Adobe Substance 3D Designer] [$*] Create materials with nodes - not for applying texture to an asset, only to create complex materials. Adobe Substance 3D Designer is not required use, you can usually create the materials you want in Painter, but it's a powerful program for complex materials.
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*[https://www.blender.org/download/ Blender] Blender is not recommended for texturing assets, as all the programs above are ''much'' easier to use and superior in features and results. However, it does exist.
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===2D texturing program===
 
===2D texturing program===
These programs can be used to manually alter texture maps. These are not mandatory to download, but you might need one at some point.  
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These programs can be used to manually alter texture maps.
  
 
*[https://www.gimp.org GIMP] - free (also read [[AU:Gimp for Skyrim|GIMP for Skyrim]])
 
*[https://www.gimp.org GIMP] - free (also read [[AU:Gimp for Skyrim|GIMP for Skyrim]])
 
*[https://affinity.serif.com Affinity] [$]
 
*[https://affinity.serif.com Affinity] [$]
*[https://www.adobe.com/uk/creativecloud/plans.html?promoid=8JD95GBM&mv=other Adobe Photoshop] [$] - Can be used with NVidia Plugin to convert maps to DDS format. PS: you sign up for yearly subscriptions, paid monthly.
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*[https://www.adobe.com/uk/creativecloud/plans.html?promoid=8JD95GBM&mv=other Adobe Photoshop] [$] - PS: you sign up for yearly subscriptions, paid monthly.  
  
 
==Asset Implementation Software==
 
==Asset Implementation Software==
When you've finished your textures and low poly mesh, they must be converted into Skyrim friendly formats, and implemented into Skyrim. In some of the Partner Projects your work as a 3D artist finishes here, and an asset implementer takes over. However, in most projects you are encouraged to implement your own asset. This is also what we recommend in the Arcane University, as it allows you to see and fix errors in your mesh and textures that's not visible until you see it in game.  
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When you've finished your mesh (low poly) and textures and maps, it's time to convert it into Skyrim friendly formats, and implement the asset into Skyrim. In some of the Partner Projects your work as a 3D artist finishes here, and an asset implementer takes over. However, in most projects you are encouraged to implement your own asset. This is also what we recommend in the Arcane University, as it allows you to see and fix errors in your mesh and textures that's not visible until you see it in game.  
  
Asset implementation is a big topic, and more complicated assets require a thorough knowledge of NifSkope and Creation Kit. However, something as simple as a bowl can easily be done!
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Asset implementation is a big topic, and more complicated assets require a thorough knowledge of Nifskope and Creation Kit. However, something as simple as a bowl can easily be done!
  
 
All programs and plugins from here on out are free.  
 
All programs and plugins from here on out are free.  
  
===Convert Texture Maps to DDS===
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===Convert Maps to DDS===
Skyrim uses the [[Arcane_University:DDS_Data_Format|DDS]] file format for all their texture maps. Export your textures in PNG or TGA, prepare your diffuse and other maps, then convert the images to DDS.
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Skyrim uses [[Arcane_University:DDS_Data_Format|DDS]] file format for all their texture maps. You'll want to export your textures in PNG or TGA, prepare your Diffuse and other maps, then convert to DDS. Converting is super easy! Just load the .PNG in your program, then click Save As > DDS. For information of the various export settings, read the [[Arcane_University:DDS_Data_Format|DDS]] page.  
  
*[https://www.getpaint.net Paint.Net] ''(also read [[Arcane_University:Paint.Net_for_Skyrim|Paint.net for Skyrim]])''
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*[https://www.getpaint.net Paint.Net] (also read [[Arcane_University:Paint.Net_for_Skyrim|Paint.net for Skyrim]])
*[https://www.nexusmods.com/skyrimspecialedition/mods/23316 Cathedral Assets Optimizer] converts only TGA to DDS. Allows batch conversion.
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*[https://developer.nvidia.com/nvidia-texture-tools-exporter Nvidia Photoshop Plugin]
*[https://developer.nvidia.com/nvidia-texture-tools-exporter Nvidia Texture Tools Exporter] can be downloaded as standalone program, or as Photoshop plugin. Standalone program allows batch conversion.
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*[https://www.gimp.org GIMP] (also read [[AU:Gimp for Skyrim|GIMP for Skyrim]])
*[https://www.gimp.org GIMP] primarily an image manipulation program. Plugin not required (v 2.10.24). Does not support [[Arcane_University:DDS_Data_Format#There_are_tons_of_DXT_codecs.21_Which_should_I_use.3F|DXT10/BC7]] export. Results can be inferior to other DDS export methods.
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*[https://github.com/Unity-Technologies/crunch/tree/unity Crunch] is designed for more advanced compression, and is a command-line tool, but it also outputs excellent quality DDS when configured properly.
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*[https://gpuopen.com/compressonator/ Compressonator] requires an AMD graphics card, but outputs good quality and has a nice GUI. Also supports command-line use.
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For information regarding the various export settings, and '''how to convert your texture to DDS''', read the [[Arcane_University:DDS_Data_Format|DDS]] page.
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===Convert Mesh to NIF===
 
===Convert Mesh to NIF===
{{note|float=right|max-width=35%|Special Edition uses a different nif format from Skyrim/Legendary Edition. However, nearly all Skyrim/LE nifs will work in SSE, and are easier to work with. SSE nifs are also less precise. For this reason, most projects use LE nifs. If you do need to convert either way, you can use [https://www.nexusmods.com/skyrimspecialedition/mods/23316 Cathedral Assets Optimizer] or [https://www.nexusmods.com/skyrimspecialedition/mods/4089 SSE Nif Optimizer].}}
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Skyrim uses [[Arcane_University:NIF_Data_Format|Nifs]] to read and render assets in game. There are a variety of methods to convert your mesh.
 
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There are a variety of methods to convert your mesh, including both software-specific plugins, and standalone converters that are software-agnostic:
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*Sofware agnostic:
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*[[Arcane_University:CK-CMD_for_Skyrim|CK-CMD]] - once set up, you drag and drop .fbx onto the ck-cmd conversion file to generate nif.  
**[[Arcane_University:CK-CMD_for_Skyrim|CK-CMD]] - can convert both ways between .fbx and nif. Also can handle havok behaviors.
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*[https://github.com/niftools/blender_niftools_addon Blender Niftools] - For Blender 2.8 (not the latest version). Export/Import tool between Blender and the Nif format.  
**[[AU:Outfit Studio for Skyrim|Outfit Studio]] - can import .obj or .fbx, and export LE or SSE nifs. Also used skin armor, creatures, or npcs.
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*[https://github.com/BadDogSkyrim/PyNifly PyNifly] - Export/Import tool between Blender and the Nif format.  
*Blender:
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*[[AU:Outfit Studio for Skyrim|Outfit Studio]] - also used to rig meshes, such as armor.  
**[https://github.com/niftools/blender_niftools_addon Blender Niftools] - For Blender 2.8+, Export/Import tool between Blender and the Nif format.  
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**[https://github.com/BadDogSkyrim/PyNifly PyNifly] - Export/Import tool between Blender and the Nif format. Supports SSE Meshes
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*3ds Max:
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**[https://github.com/figment/max_nif_plugin/releases/tag/3.8.0 3DS Max Niftools Addon] - Niftools Addon for 3DS Max. Might not work with versions after 2016
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**[https://www.nexusmods.com/skyrim/mods/84041 Apenov 3DS Max Plugin] - Another Plugin for 3DS Max, works with versions up to 2018. Supports some SSE Meshes
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===Add Collision to NIF===
 
===Add Collision to NIF===
Your mesh needs a collision to become solid in the engine. Read the [[Arcane_University:Mesh_Collisions|collision wiki page]] for details on what program to use.
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Your mesh needs a [[Arcane_University:Mesh_Collisions|collision]] to become solid in the engine. Read the collision wiki page for details on what program to use.
  
*[[Arcane_University:CK-CMD_for_Skyrim|CK-CMD]]
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*[https://github.com/niftools/nifskope/releases Nifskope]
*[https://www.afkmods.com/index.php?/files/file/2398-nifutilssuite/ NifUtilsSuite] (includes ChunkMerge) - Can transfer collision from one nif to another, or convert TriShapes to compressed mesh collision
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*[https://wiki.beyondskyrim.org/wiki/File:Chunkmerge_Utils.zip Chunkmerge]
*[https://wiki.beyondskyrim.org/wiki/File:Chunkmerge_Utils.zip Chunkmerge Utils] - templates for use with ChunkMerge
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===NifSkope===
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===Nifskope===
[https://github.com/niftools/nifskope/releases NifSkope] is a program that allows you to open NIF files, view and alter NIF's properties and contents, and export NIF files into other file formats readable by other programs such as Blender. Nifskope is where you attach your textures to the NIF and specify shader settings for it to appear correctly in game. Nifskope also allows you to browse the Skyrim meshes BSA (archive) without using a BSA unpacker.  
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[https://github.com/niftools/nifskope/releases Nifskope] is a program that allows you to open NIF files, view and alter NIF's properties and contents, and export NIF files into other file formats readable by other programs such as Blender.  
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Nifskope is where you attach your textures to the NIF and specify shader settings for it to appear correctly in game.
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Nifskope also allows you to browse the Skyrim meshes BSA (archive) without using a BSA unpacker.  
  
 
<center>{{note|Nifskope is essential for all asset implementation.}}</center>
 
<center>{{note|Nifskope is essential for all asset implementation.}}</center>
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Depending on which Skyrim you own, you must download the Creation Kit that goes with your version: Creation Kit Legendary Edition, or Creation Kit Special Edition. See [https://www.creationkit.com/index.php?title=Category:Getting_Started Creationkit.com] for more information.
 
Depending on which Skyrim you own, you must download the Creation Kit that goes with your version: Creation Kit Legendary Edition, or Creation Kit Special Edition. See [https://www.creationkit.com/index.php?title=Category:Getting_Started Creationkit.com] for more information.
  
And finally, if you use Skyrim Special Edition, you'll want to download Creation Kit Fixes to stabilize the program, reduce loadtimes and CTDs. [https://www.nexusmods.com/skyrimspecialedition/mods/20061 SSE Creation Kit Fixes]
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And finally, you'll want to download Creation Kit Fixes to stabilize the program, reduce loadtimes and CTD's. [https://www.nexusmods.com/skyrimspecialedition/mods/20061 SSE Creation Kit Fixes]
 
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==See Also==
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*[[AU:NIF_Data_Format|NIF Data Format]] explains NIFs, the file format Skyrim uses to read meshes
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*[[AU:DDS_Data_Format|DDS Data Format]] explains DDSs, the file format Skyrim uses for texture images
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*[https://www.twitch.tv/videos/53095530 Start to Finish Game Asset (Video on Twitch)] By Bartalon
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'''Modelling'''
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tTfIo_bezqw How to Model Anything in 3D - Modeling Fundamentals (Youtube)] by FlippedNormals
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OVbIOHAI3iY 6 key principles for 3D modeling (Youtube)] by CG Cookie
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'''Texturing'''
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*[https://store.substance3d.com/blog/see-how-team-modders-uses-substance-recreate-skyrim How a Team of Modders Use Substance Painter to Recreate Skyrim] article on Substance Painter blog by Hayden Price
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5e6zvJqVqlA What is Texel Density and How to Master it (Youtube)] By malcolm341
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MVsIIkJNkjM What is Texture Padding and How to Master it (Youtube)] By malcolm341
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DmuHLe6MjEA UDIMs - Modelling and Texturing Essentials (Youtube)] By FlippedNormals
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*[[Arcane University: Hiding Texture Seams with Blended Decals|Hiding Texture Seams with Blended Decals]] By mathy
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[[Category:Arcane_University-3D_Art| ]]
 
[[Category:Arcane_University-3D_Art| ]]

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